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J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 34:1:82-89 (2006)
Copyright © 2006 by the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law.
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A Case Control Study: White-Collar Defendants Compared With Defendants Charged With Other Nonviolent Theft

Ernest Poortinga, MD, MS, Craig Lemmen, MD and Michael D. Jibson, MD, PhD

Dr. Poortinga is Assistant Unit Director, Dr. Lemmen is Director, Education and Research, Michigan Center for Forensic Psychiatry and Department of Psychiatry, and Dr. Jibson is Assistant Professor and Training Director, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Address correspondence to Ernest Poortinga, MD, MS, Michigan Center for Forensic Psychiatry, PO Box 2060, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. E-mail: poortingae{at}michigan.gov

We examined the clinical, criminal, and sociodemographic characteristics of all white-collar crime defendants referred to the evaluation unit of a state center for forensic psychiatry. With 29,310 evaluations in a 12-year period, we found 70 defendants charged with embezzlement, 3 with health care fraud, and no other white-collar defendants (based on the eight crimes widely accepted as white-collar offenses). In a case-control study design, the 70 embezzlement cases were compared with 73 defendants charged with other forms of nonviolent theft. White-collar defendants were found to have a higher likelihood of white race (adjusted odds ratio (adj. OR) = 4.51), more years of education (adj. OR = 3471), and a lower likelihood of substance abuse (adj. OR = .28) than control defendants. Logistic regression modeling showed that the variance in the relationship between unipolar depression and white-collar crime was more economically accounted for by education, race, and substance abuse.






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Copyright © 2006 by the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law.